Advanced e-fuels that are RFNBO compliant

e-fuels are also known as electrofuels, eFuels, Power-to-X (PtX), Power-to-Liquids (PtL) and renewable fuels of non-biological origin (RFNBO’s). They are a synthetic alternative to fossil fuels and include synthetic aviation fuel (SAF) and synthetic marine diesel (SMD) or synthetic marine fuels (SMF) that can be used in aircraft and ships without the need to modify the engines or refuelling infrastructure.

e-fuels differ from biofuels (bio-fuels) that are made by growing crops for fuel.

The European Union ReFuelEU Aviation and ReFuelEU Maritime legislation mandates both the amount of e-fuels that must be used from 2025 and the amount of SAF and SMF that must be renewable fuels of non-biological origin (RFNBO). Hydrogen Refinery e-fuels comply with the RFNBO targets, biofuels do not.

The Hydrogen Refinery technology can also deliver competitively priced hydrogen and hydrogen derivatives such as e-diesel, dimethyl ether (DME), e-methanol and e-ammonia.

SAF from waste not HEFA

Most sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) today is produced from hydroprocessed esters and fatty acids (HEFA) from waste vegetable oils and animal fats. Although the lowest cost route, HEFA feedstock supply is limited. We live in a throw away society, and waste such as mixed plastics and municipal solid waste (MSW) is much more abundant.

When older technologies like gasification or pyrolysis are used to break down this waste, the synthesis gas (syngas) produced for the Fischer-Tropsch (F-T) process has to undergo an expensive purification process to remove the impurities for the SAF to be ASTM D7566 compliant.
Hydrogen Refinery has developed the patented plasma electrolyser system (PES) that produces RFNBO compliant syngas for F-T without the clean-up.

This is not only lower-cost but also carbon negative because the PES system produces no emissions and avoids the emissions from landfill or waste incineration.

Aviation

Focus on Advanced SAF that is RFNBO compliant

Waste-to-Wingtip

Synthetic Aviation Fuel (SAF) is a core part of the International Air Transport Authority (IATA) strategy to achieve net zero by 2050. The EU ReFuelEU Aviation directive states that SAF quotas rise every 5 years from 2% in 2025 to 70% in 2050. Volumetric sub targets for the share of e-fuels in SAF rise every 5 years from 1.2% in 2030 to 35% in 2050.

Penalties for non-compliance are twice the difference of SAF/e-fuel versus the fossil fuel jet fuel price per tonne.

For further information, please contact us.

Marine

Focus on SMD/SMF and e-methanol

Waste-to-Wake

The EU FuelEU Maritime directives state that Green House Gas (GHG) intensity must decline, well-to-wake, every 5 years compared to 2020. From 2% in 2025, to 80% in 2050. Penalties are currently €2,400 per excess tonne of fossil fuel marine diesel consumed.

Penalty from 2034, if a sub-target of 1% of RFNBO is not met by 2031.

Hydrogen Refinery believes that the best fuels to achieve these targets are SMD and e-methanol produced from RFNBO compliant waste feedstocks.

For further information, please contact us.